My understanding: we don’t know enough about gut bacteria right now to try to affect it intelligently. However, it’s also my understanding that if you’re ingesting live bacteria your stomach acid will kill it. It may get past it in pill form, but you already HAVE bacteria in your gut so I’m not sure how successful any immigrants would be (or how much you should want them to be successful anyway). Basically: a lot of people think they know a lot about stuff we’re totally clueless about. Including potentially me
‘Active cultures’ is the same as ‘live cultures’, just another way to say that it. Yogurt does have probiotics, since those bacterial cultures are what turn the milk into yogurt. The main question is whether any of that will make it through your stomach intact into your intestines? Maybe.