So isn’t it optimal to eat bugs and plants given they are primary consumers and producers
No. This is a painful misunderstanding of biology. It’s also a food chain. Pyramid is likely some over simplification of that. All chains start at plants, then a primary, which doesn’t even need to be a bug.
Animal nutrients are the most dense, not least.Bug by contrast actually are less nutrient dense (and come with pests/infection regardless of processing, they’re still contaminated).
While many plants (like berries) are nutrient dense, they require more eating in abundance to attain any real benefit.
An optimal diet is based on nutrient dense animal foods and nutrient dense plant foods. Steak and potatoes, venison and olives, eggs and fruit, yoghurt and fruit, etc.
No, it’s actually the opposite. Animals are supported by a ton of plants and concentrate and process to nutrients that they need the most. This makes animals more nutrient dense generally with the caveat that this nutrient concentration happens with a lot of waste. Basically animals are more nutrient dense but less efficient foods. Some other minor details. Since animals are more closely related to us they’re generally pose more of a pathogen risk. Also, the nutrients available in animal tissues are related to storage. Some nutrients are used up rather quickly and not stored much. This means that animal tissues may have fewer of some nutrients than plants and more of other nutrients. To get a better answer you have to be more specific.
Sun has the most energy. Plants eat sunlight so they have the most energy available when consumed. The animals that eat plants only get like 10% (if I remember correctly), of the plants energy (originally the Sun’s energy). The animals that consume the plant eaters only gets like 1% of that animals energy. Don’t worry about exact percentages, the basic idea is that organisms that use the suns energy contain the most energy and each time the energy is transferred through consumption it is a very small amount.
It’s the other way around. Herbivores eat a shit tonne of plants, then we eat them. A field’s worth of nutrients from grass end up in one cow.
I’m currently teaching to a class of 9 year-olds…and you, apparently.