How can one fully recover the day after eating an extreme amount of bread?
Drink plenty of water, settle down on carb consumption the following day, and your body will sort it out. It is entirely normal to have some bloating etc after eating lots of carbs, not a sign anything has gone wrong.
You just consumed so much carbs from bread. Try to eat foods with high fiber as they will have lower carbs like avocados, Greek yogurt, peanuts, etc. You can also eat foods with high water retention like watermelon, zucchini, apples, tomatoes, cucumber, etc. that helps with digestion system.
What helps with inflammation is antioxidants, so eating fruits will help. But most importantly, staying hydrated and drinking lots of water.