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Is artificial selection, to make fruits sweeter and with less fibers making them "less nutritious"?

Seedless grapes of the “victoria” variety and it’s almost like a grape candy, it’s so sweet. New Mango varieties had no fiber at all, extremely smooth and extremely sweet. What would be the impacts of a diet rich in these fruits?

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Answer

> had no fiber at all

It still has fiber just an arrangement that is easier to eat. Mesocarp is a fiber scaffolding which the cells attach to in nearly all fruit, its why there is a flesh to bite in to. There is some fruit that don’t form this and you get a jelly like mesocarp instead, passion fruit is a great example of this (also deliciously crunchy from the seeds).

Think of it like meat, if you cut meat with the grain its chewier even though its nutritionally identical to that cut against the grain. If you can get the fiber scaffolding to grow just in the right way the pressure your mouth needs to use to chew through the fiber goes down.

> Seedless grapes of the “victoria” variety and it’s almost like a grape candy, it’s so sweet.

They will be tweaking how it ripens, the riper a fruit is the more of the starch has been converted in to sugar. Starches are also converted in to fiber so although its sweeter you also get more fiber.

Calories will be slightly lower but higher proportion of simple carbs vs complex carbs.

Getting fruit to have larger mesocarps, higher conversion to sugar earlier in ripening and a pleasant arrangement of the fiber is basically thousands and thousands of years of humans screwing with plants :)

Answer

Artificial selection to make fruits sweeter and with less fiber may reduce their nutritional value to some extent, but it doesn’t necessarily make them “less nutritious” overall. Sweetness and fiber content are just two factors among many that contribute to the overall nutritional value of a fruit.
While fiber is an important nutrient that helps to regulate digestion and maintain gut health, there are many other nutrients found in fruits that are also essential for health, such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. For example, seedless grapes are still a good source of vitamin C and other antioxidants, even if they are sweeter and lower in fiber than other varieties. Similarly, mangoes are high in vitamin C, vitamin A, and dietary fiber, even if some new varieties are bred to be extremely sweet and fiber-free.
That being said, it’s important to note that a diet rich in fruits that have been artificially selected for sweetness and low fiber may not be ideal for everyone. People with conditions such as diabetes or insulin resistance may need to be mindful of their intake of very sweet fruits, as they can cause spikes in blood sugar levels. Additionally, a diet that is very low in fiber may contribute to digestive problems and other health issues over time.
Overall, a balanced and varied diet that includes a variety of fruits and vegetables is the best way to ensure that you are getting all the nutrients you need for optimal health. If you are concerned about the nutritional value of the fruits you are eating, you can always talk to a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for personalized advice.

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