I was wondering what the end result would be if i were to continue cutting, but getting enough protein and generally eating a well-balanced diet. Would I continue to get stronger until I reach some limit before i have to increase calorie intake in order to become stronger ? How does this work ?
This essentially sounds like body building preparation. In general, with resistance training and the proper amount of cardio based on your fitness and recovery aptitude, you will maintain muscle mass while burning fat. Making gains in a calorie deficient state is difficult.
When I prep for my competitions, maintaining my strength level is not a problem until my body becomes very lean, like ~5% body fat.
Strength is a result of the type and intensity of resistance training that you perform. Adequate protein is required to recover from the training and perform muscle synthesis. The two are indirectly related, but the act of eating protein does make you stronger.
Depends on a litany of different factors. Body fat percentage, lean body mass, daily caloric deficit, protein intake, protein quality, testosterone levels, sleep, workout frequency, workout intensity, exercise history, musculoskeletal genetics, biological sex, and age. The answer to your question varies wildly from person to person.
You will be able to make progress, but idk to what extent that would hinder you. Recently I watched a video where a doctor explained that gaining strength is a signalling process whereby progressive overload signals to your brain/nervous system that it needs to get stronger. He was answering your exact question and I think he also mentioned that increased protein intake is another signal for your body to make gains.